Virginia Woolf | Femininity, Modernity And Androgyny

Virginia Woolf | Femininity, Modernity And Androgyny Showalter, Elaine, Virginia Woolf and the Flight into Androgyny, in A Literature of Their Own: British Women Novelists from Brontà « to Lessing (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1977), pp. 263-297. In A Literature of Their Own, Elaine Showalter discusses the female experiences and their creative processes in British fiction. She shows how womens literature has evolved, starting from the Victorian period to the Modern one. She has written notes on the descriptive life of Virginia Woolf in this particular book. Showalter described the female literary tradition in the English novel and the social backgrounds of the women who composed it. Chapter 10 of the book, under the title: Virginia Woolf and the Flight into Androgyny, is devoted to the literary genius of Virginia Woolf albeit the maniac depression. This chapter conveys information about Showalters concerns beyond women writers and looks at the contradictions and tensions that shape womens social, psychological, and sexual development. It is bound to provoke disagreement, if only because it raised so many questions related to womens position in the literary world. Showalter criticizes their works for their androgynistic nature s. For all its concern with sexual connotations and sexuality, the writing avoids actual contact with the body, disengaging from people into a room of ones own. In the light of this, Showalters well-known critique of Woolfs founding of an aesthetic upon the ideal of androgyny should itself be critically reconsidered. Showalter argues throughout the chapter that Woolfs androgyny represents an escape from the confrontation with femaleness or maleness, and that her famous definition of life as a luminous halo, a semi-transparent envelope is another metaphor of uterine withdrawal and containment. The false transcendence of sexual identity, or in Showalters phrase, the flight into androgyny amounts to evasions of reality and of the female experience, and this is presumed to result in Woolfs progressive technical inability to accommodate the facts and crises of day-to-day experience, even when she wanted to do so.  [1]  What is posited in Showalters stress on confrontation, sexual ide ntity or experience is what we might term a Lukfsian concept of a unified autonomous subject which is the sole agent of its own development in confrontation with the environment. The chapter analyses the androgyny, in general, as an escape of their (women) sexual identity as a woman or/and even as a return to heterosexuality which makes the world go round as Marcus pointed out,  [2]  differently of what many other critics in general say that Woolfs androgyny was subversive and feminist in nature and not as Showalter described as. Gilbert, Sandra A, Costumes of the Mind: Transvestism as Metaphor in Modern Literature. In Gender Studies: New Directions in Feminist Criticism. Ed. by Judith Spector (Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1986), pp.70-98. Susan Gilbert argues that most modernist male writers in English were concerned with reasserting, in a profoundly conservative sense, the dominance and superiority of masculine sexuality, as well as mans prior claim to masculinity. The post-war assertion of masculinity constituted a male intervention into a broad general field of language and culture rather than the nationalist linked militancy of earlier periods. The readings by Gilbert shape a convincing argument that a number of fictional episodes sometimes regarded as liberating and innovatory were concerned with the reassertion of conventional gender roles and heterosexuality rather than sexual revolution. Men represent an attempt to close off the possibilities for the change in womens roles opened up by the events of the First World War, Gilbert claims. The problem is that Gilberts mode of criticism assumes a direct link between the sex of the author and the text. Rather than investigating the way in which writing reveals an in conclusive ambivalence about sexual identity, Gilbert insists on assigning a single position to male modernist writers. Women writers were, for the most part, with the exception of Virginia Woolf, omitted from the modernist canon constructed by literary critics in the nineteen fifties and sixties. Literary production functioned as a framework in which issues about the rights of women were foregrounded, at the same time as they explored the gains and losses experienced by women during that time. On the other hand, the fictions of Virginia Woolf, in particular, depict the difficulties of achieving a sense of female identity, and beyond that, the impossibility of finding any final, stable identity for the subject. Her texts represent the fears, and reconstruct the problematic issues of being a woman, as well as the pleasures of femininity and masculinity, in such a way as to bring into question celebratory and empiricist theories of feminist criticism. Whitworth, Michael, Virginia Woolf and Modernism, in The Cambridge Companion to Virginia Woolf. Ed. by Sue Roe and Susan Sellers (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), pp. 146-63. Throughout her fiction and criticism, Woolf expresses a preference for a reality which is semi-transparent, combining the solidity of granite and the evanescence of rainbow. Though many critics have seen in modernism an irrationalist rejection of science in favour of myth, in the case of Woolf at least, the situation is more complex. (2000:151) In his essay, Michael Whitworth discusses the significance of issues such as science, politics, and contemporary culture which are discussed in relation to modernist writings. It is pointed out that critics have long neglected the significance of Virginia Woolf in such contexts. The kind of insight into dual reality that Whitworth notices in Woolf attracts more critical attention in recent studies of Modernism, especially knowing that it was not only Woolfs case that the situation was complex but also that many artists, writers, and thinkers of different disciplines, scientific or artistic, of the era shared a strong interest in various fields of science such as life science, eugenics, physics, psychoanalysis, and so on. Moreover, his text delineates the custom to make a modern writing, Modern. The text draws, quite precisely, the use of science in the narratives of fiction of early twentieth century including with a long analyses over Virginia Woolfs works. Farwell, Marilyn R, Virginia Woolf and Androgyny. Contemporary Literature, Vol. 16, No. 4 (Autumn, 1975), 433-451. For Virginia Woolf, androgyny was inseparably linked with a nostalgic wish to evade sexual difference even as she made the affirmation of sexual difference the basis of a radical sexual politics. Androgyny represents, in Woolfs writing, ambivalence and contradiction: if it could be used to redress the imbalance of patriarchal accounts of history, then the invocation of the female body as an answer to that imbalance only affirms constructions of sexual difference. Farwells essay, Virginia Woolf and Androgyny discusses Woolfs theory of androgyny. He debates the relation between the etymology of androgyny and its institutionalization into the narrative frame of Modernism. Giving examples from the novel A Room of Ones Own, Farwell points out that androgyny appears to be either an inter-play of separate and unique elements or a fusion of one into the other [] ad, unfortunately, most critics implicitly choose one side or the other trying not to see the important distinction which is crucia l. His essay brings together various instances of critical thought that have problematised an understanding of androgyny by interrogating the assumptions about gender which many critics and scholar are dealing with. Johnson, Reginald Brimley, Some Contemporary Novelists (Women), (London: Leonard Parsons, 1920), pp. 140-160. Virginia Woolfs essay Modern Novels, which under its later title Modern Fiction became so famous as a manifesto of literary modernism and which constitutes the prelude to Woolfs own most distinctive artistic achievement, was not a sudden revolutionary argument with no wider literary context. In Some Contemporary Novelists (Women) published in 1920, in a chapter dedicated to Virginia Woolfs writing, Johnson discusses an emerging trend among the female novelists of the early twentieth century: [She] has abandoned the old realism She is seeking, with passionate determination, for that Reality which is behind the material, the things that matter, spiritual things, ultimate Truth. And here she finds man an outsider, wilfully blind, purposely indifferent. This trend he called New Realism. The text refers mainly to Dorothy Richardson and it is not clear whether or not Brimley Johnson had read Woolfs Modern Novels, but clearly states Richardson account of this New Realism which searches for a new vision or truth behind the veil of masculine materialism institucionalized in the Modern era. It also states Woolfs demand for a new literature. But for Woolf herself at this stage, this new literary vision pertains to a new generation; it is not gender-specific. She periodizes literary history by the reign of monarchs spiritual Georgians against crassly materialistic Edwardians not by the difference between sexes. Johnsons text clearly illustrates the transience that happened inside out Modernism, expressing the most valuable analysis on Woolf and Richardson in their own right. Williams, Raymond. The Politics of Modernism: Against the New Conformists (London, 1989), (The Found Era: London, 1972), pp.45-53. Women writers were, for the most part, with the exception of Virginia Woolf, omitted from the modernist canon constructed by literary critics in the nineteen fifties and sixties. Raymond Williams in his intriguing but well written paper remarks that [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] there is still a radical difference between the two generations: the struggling innovators and the modernist establishment which consolidated their achievement. (51) He suggests that there was a distinct time gap between the production of primary texts and academic and commercial institutional responses, although he does not investigate the extent to which this gap was distributed in terms of the gender of writers. While womens participation in literary productivity in the nineteen twenties and thirties increased, it did so in the context of extensive social and political debate about the rights of women to education (including sexual education), to political power, and to earn a living of their own and in which Woolf wa s far ahead off. Literary production functioned as a framework in which issues about the rights of women were foregrounded, at the same time as they explored the gains and losses experienced by women during that time. On the other hand, the fictions of Virginia Woolf, in particular, depict the difficulties of achieving a sense of female identity, and beyond that, the impossibility of finding any final, stable identity for the subject. Her texts represent the fears, and reconstruct the problematic issues of being a woman, as well as the pleasures of femininity and masculinity, in such a way as to bring into question celebratory and empiricist theories of feminist criticism. Williams discusses the subversive female desires in which most of Woolfs novels are intrinsically focused in a clearly and well presented way. Abel, Elizabeth. Virginia Woolf and the Fictions of Psychoanalysis (Chicago: University of Chicago Press: Chicago and London, 1993), pp. 1-29. Virginia Woolf is now usually thought of as a feminist author. Yet the term feminist has a number of meanings, and it is worth considering in what ways the word applies to Woolf. In both her own creative practice and her essays, she shows herself to be a keen advocate of women as writers and of a womens literary tradition. Her literary politics are certainly feminist. In terms of content, it is also clear that Woolf asks questions about womens art, the nature of female consciousness, and the means of literary presentation that must be developed to make the nature of a feminine consciousness visible. Abel pinpoints Woolfs interest in the fictional shapes narrative project on which women were present. Disclosing Woolfs discourse on gender and history, Abel contextualizes it with the idea of psychoanalysis in mid-1920s, opening up discourse over the subject much awaited. This particular chapter treats the progress of psycho-analytic studies, womens position in England during 1920s and w hat is meant to be a woman in such a society. It also reveals Freuds idea of the Oedipus complex and so forth. Connected with the idea that if the male writer suffers self-consciousness as an aspect of the general experience of modernity, with its dissolution of tradition, its skeptical, even nihilistic testing of old sanctities and pieties, then clearly the woman writers sense of the injustice of womens position in society, with its temptations of bitterness, denunciation, resentment, reinforces the danger, Abel is exploring what was Woolfs second dissatisfaction with the modernist texts and what is worth reading. The chapter (En) Gendering History, is slightly complex but precise in what modernism versus history and psychology regard to.

Comparing The Cask of Amontillado and The Interlopers Essay -- compari

Comparing The Cask of Amontillado and The Interlopers    Literary devices are tools used by the author to help the reader understand a given literary work. Writers use different literary devices depending on their style and what they wish their reader to get out of their work. One important literary device that is essential for a successful literary work is theme. Theme is the general insight into life that the author shares with the reader. There are a number of different methods from which an author can choose to present his/her theme. One common strategy is to communicate the theme through the use of mood; the overall feeling or emotion conjured within the reader. In Edgar Allan Poe's short story, "The Cask of Amontillado," and in Saki's short story, "The Interlopers," the mood evoked within the reader is used to communicate the short story's overall theme. The mood established by Edgar Allan Poe in his short story, "The Cask of Amontillado," plays a crucial role in conveying to the reader his underlying theme. For example, when Montresor, the narrator, st...

Analysis Dangerous Corner

Theater is one of the best means of art and entertainment, which brings cultural enrichment. It uses live performers on stage to express different plays. From the times of its appearance theater has changed a lot. There were especially many transformations in modern times. The only genres seen in the theater of ancient times were tragedy and comedy, whereas nowadays there are lots of contemporary genres and styles. Even the types of theaters vary from classical to musical lines.People have always liked visiting theaters for relaxing, entertaining and just having a good time. Our country has lots of theaters to offer to its citizens. Everyone can find something suitable for their tastes. People who like dramas go to drama theatres, those who like musical plays can visit opera theaters, so there is always a choice where to go. The theater can be divided into two parts: one is the stage where actors perform their roles, the other is the hall where spectators sit. The hall and the stage are separated by a curtain and orchestra.Besides, every theater has a cloak-room and a restaurant. Theatres may vary a lot in sizes. Some can host only 50 people, and some are meant for thousands of spectators. For example, the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow can host about 2150 people. The other huge and world-famous theaters are Metropolitan Opera and Broadway Theater in New York, Sydney Opera House in Sydney, Theater La Scala in Italy, Covent Garden in London and several others.Richard Cumberland (19 February 1732 – 7 May 1811) was an English dramatist and civil servant. In 1771 his hit play The West Indian was first staged. During the American War of Independence he acted as a secret negotiator with Spain in an effort to secure a peace agreement between the two nations. He also edited a short-lived critical journal called The London Review (1809). His plays are often remembered for their sympathetic depiction of colonial characters and others generally considered to be margins of society. Calypso (1779)The Natural Son (1785), in which Major O'Flaherty who had already figured in The West-Indian, makes his reappearance The Country Attorney (1787) The Impostors (1789), a comedy of intrigue The School for Widows (1789) The Box-Lobby Challenge (1794), a protracted farce The Jew (1794), a drama, highly effective when the great German actor Theodor Dà ¶ring played â€Å"Sheva† The Wheel of Fortune (1795), in which John Philip Kemble found a celebrated part in the misanthropist Penruddock, who cannot forget but learns to forgive (a character declared by August von Kotzebue to have been stolen from his MenschenhBen Jonson (Benjamin Jonson /ˈdÊ’É’nsÉ™n/; c. 11 June 1572 – 6 August 1637) was a playwright, poet, and literary critic of the seventeenth century, whose artistry exerted a lasting impact upon English poetry and stage comedy. He popularised the comedy of humours. He is best known for thesatirical plays Every Man in His Humour (159 8), Volpone, or The Foxe (1605), The Alchemist (1610), and Bartholomew Fayre: A Comedy (1614), and for his lyric poetry; he is generally regarded as the second most important English dramatist, after William Shakespeare, during the reign of James I.[1]The literary artist Ben Jonson was a classically-educated, well-read, and cultured man of the English Renaissance with an appetite for controversy (personal and political, artistic and intellectual) whose cultural influence was of unparalleled breadth upon the playwrights and the poets of theJacobean era (1603–1625) and of the Caroline era (1625–1642).[2][3] Plays[edit]A Tale of a Tub, comedy (c. 1596 revised? performed 1633; printed 1640) The Isle of Dogs, comedy (1597, with Thomas Nashe; lost) The Case is Altered, comedy (c. 1597–98; printed 1609), with Henry Porter and Anthony Munday? Every Man in His Humour, comedy (performed 1598; printed 1601) Every Man out of His Humour, comedy ( performed 1599; printed 1600 ) Cynthia's Revels (performed 1600; printed 1601)The Poetaster, comedy (performed 1601; printed 1602) Sejanus His Fall, tragedy (performed 1603; printed 1605) Eastward Ho, comedy (performed and printed 1605), a collaboration with John Marston and George Chapman Volpone, comedy (c. 1605–06; printed 1607) Epicoene, or the Silent Woman, comedy (performed 1609; printed 1616) The Alchemist, comedy (performed 1610; printed 1612) Catiline His Conspiracy, tragedy (performed and printed 1611) Bartholomew Fair, comedy (performed 31 October 1614; printed 1631) The Devil is an Ass, comedy (performed 1616; printed 1631) The Staple of News, comedy (performed Feb. 1626; printed 1631) The New Inn, or The Light Heart, comedy (licensed 19 January 1629; printed 1631) The Magnetic Lady, or Humors Reconciled, comedy (licensed 12 October 1632; printed 1641) The Sad Shepherd, pastoral (c. 1637, printed 1641), unfinished Mortimer his Fall, history (printed 1641), a fragmentAdolphe Philippe d'Ennery or Dennery (17 June 1811 – 25 January 1899) was a French Jewish dramatist and novelist. Contents [hide] 1 Biography 2 Works 3 References 4 External linksBiography Born in Paris, his real surname was Philippe. He obtained his first success in collaboration with Charles Desnoyer in Émile, ou le fils d'un pair de France (1831), a drama which was the first of a series of some two hundred pieces written alone or in collaboration with other dramatists. He died in Paris in 1899. Works[edit]Among the best of his works are Gaspard Hauser (1838) with Anicet Bourgeois; Les Bohà ©miens de Paris (1842) with Eugà ¨ne Grange; with Mallian, Marie-Jeanne, ou la femme du peuple (1845), in which Madame Dorval obtained a great success; La Case d'Oncle Tom (1853); and Les Deux Orphelines (1875), perhaps his best piece, with Eugà ¨ne Cormon. The story was adapted in 1921 by D.W. Griffith as the film Orphans of the Storm.He wrote the libretto for Gounod's Le tribut de Zamora (1881); with Lou is Gallet and Édouard Blau he composed the libretto to Massenet's Le Cid (1885); and, again in collaboration with Cormon, the librettos of Auber's operas, Le premier jour de bonheur (1868) and Reved'amour (1869). Other opera librettos include La rose de Terone (1840), Si j'à ©tais roi (1852), Le muletier de Tolà ¨de(1854) (on which Michael Balfe's The Rose of Castille (1857) was based), and À Clichy (1854) by Adolphe Adam, Massenet's early Don Cà ©sar de Bazan (1872) and Hervà ©'s La nuit aux soufflets(1884) He prepared for the stage Balzac's posthumous comedy Mercadet ou le faiseur, presented at the Thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre du Gymnase Marie Bell in 1851. Reversing the usual order of procedure, d'Ennery adapted some of his plays to the form of novels. Etan Cohen (born March 14, 1974) is an American screenwriter.Contents1 Life and career 2 Filmography 3 References 4 External linksLife and careerBorn in Israel to an Orthodox Jewish family,[1][2] Cohen grew up in Efrat and Sharon, Mas sachusetts. He graduated from the Maimonides School and Harvard College, where he wrote for theHarvard Lampoon. His first produced scripts, in 1995 and 1997, were for Beavis and Butthead, where he was credited as Ethan Cohen.[3] He has since written for other Mike Judge-directed projects, including King of the Hill from 2001 to 2005, and for the feature film Idiocracy in 2006. In the late 1990s he worked on two other television series – the animated Recess and the short lived It's Like You Know.After scripting Idiocracy he worked on the hit animated series, American Dad and wrote the episode, â€Å"Failure Is Not a Factory-Installed Option†. The American Dad minor character of the same name is named for him. In 2008, Cohen cowrote, along with Ben Stiller and Justin Theroux, the action-comedy film Tropic Thunder. He also wrote Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa. Columbia Pictures hired Etan Cohen to pen the script for Men in Black 3. Other projects he is currently writing incl ude feature films, Candy Land, The Fiance and Project A. On July 10, 2012 it was announced that Cohen is currently writing the script for Ghostbusters3.FilmographyBeavis and Butt-head (1995–1997) Recess (1999) It's Like, You Know (1999) King of the Hill (2001–2005) Idiocracy (2006) American Dad (2006) My Wife Is Retarded (2007) (also directed) Tropic Thunder (2008) Harvey Richards (2008) Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa (2008) Men in Black 3 (2012)TravellingAlmost all people are fond of travelling. It is very interesting to see new places, another towns and countries. People may travel either for pleasure or on business. There are various means of travelling. For me there is nothing like travel by air; it is more comfortable, more convenient and, of course, far quicker than any other means. There is none of the dust and dirt of a railway or car journey, none of the trouble of changing from train to steamer and then to another train. With a train you have speed, comfort and pleasure combined.From the comfortable seat of a railway carriage you have a splendid view of the whole countryside. If you are hungry, you can have a meal in the dining-car; and if a journey is a long one you can have a wonderful bed in a sleeper. Travelling by ship is also very popular now. It is very pleasant to feel the deck of the ship under the feet, to see the rise and fall of the waves, to feel the fresh sea wind blowing in the face and hear the cry of the seagulls. Many people like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many sights in a short time, you can stop when and where you like, you do not have to buy tickets or carry your suitcases. A very popular means of travelling is hiking. It is travelling on foot. Walking tours are very interesting. Hitch-hiking is a very popular method of travelling among young people. But it is not as popular in our country as abroad.TravellingModern life is impossible without travelling. Thousands of people travel ever y day either on business or for pleasure. They can travel by air, by rail, by sea or by road. Of course, travelling by air is the fastest and the most convenient way, but it is the most expensive too. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. You can see much more interesting places of the country you are travelling through. Modern trains have very comfortable seats. There are also sleeping cars and dining cars which make even the longest journey enjoyable. Speed, comfort and safety are the main advantages of trains and planes. That is why many people prefer them to all other means.Travelling by sea is very popular. Large ships and small river boats can visit foreign countries and differentplaces of interest within their own country. As for me, I prefer travelling by car. I think it’s very convenient. You needn’t reserve tour tickets. You needn’t carry heavy suitcases. You can stop wherever you wish, and spend at any place as much t ime as you like. Every year my friend and I go somewhere to the South for holidays. The Black Sea is one of the most wonderful places which attracts holiday-makers all over the world.There are many rest-homes, sanatoriums and tourist camps there. But it is also possible to rent a room or a furnished house for a couple of weeks there. Sometimes, we can place ourselves in a tent on the sea shore enjoying fresh air and the sun all day long. As a rule, I make new friends there. In the day-time we play volleyball, tennis, swim in the warm water of the sea and sunbathe In the evening I like to sit on the beach watching the sea and enjoying the sunset. I’m fond of mountaineering. So I do a lot of climbing together with my friends. Time passes quickly and soon we have to make our way back. We return home sunburnt and full of impressions.Travelling People on our planet can't live without travelling now. Tourism has become a highly developed business. There are express trains, cars and jet-air liners all of that provide you with comfort and security. What choice to make? It's up to you to decide. There is a great variety of choice available for you. Those who live in the country like going to a big city, visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like acquired holiday by the sea or in the mountains.Most travelers carry a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them — the sights of a city, old churches, castles, mountains,  lakes, waterfalls, forests, trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy times they have had. If you travel for pleasure you would like all means to enjoy picturesque areas you are passing through, you would like to see the places of interest in the cities, towns and countries.Travelling gives us a good opportunity to see wonderful monuments, cultural and historic al places, to learn a lot about the history of the country you visit, about the world around us, to meet people of different nationalities, to learn a lot about their traditions, customs, culture. In other words, you will broaden your mind. Nowadays people travel not only for pleasure but also on business. You have to go to other countries to take part in different negotiations, to sign contacts, to participate in different exhibitions, in order to push the goods produced by your firm or company Ð ¾ Travelling on business helps you to get more information about achievements of other companies » which will make your own business more successful.There are a lot of means of travelling: by sea, by plane, by car, on foot. Tastes differ. That is why it is up to you to decide which means of travelling you would prefer. All means of travelling have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans. No wonder that one of the latest means of travelling is t ravelling by plane. It combines both comfort and speed and you will reach the place of destination very quickly. Before boarding the plane you must check in at the airport. You are required to have your baggage weighed. Each passenger is allowed 20 kilograms of baggage free of charge. But if your baggage is heavier you must pay an extra charge. Before the plane takes off the stewardess gives you all the information about the flight, the speed and altitude.She asks you to fasten the belts and not to smoke. She will take care of you during the flight and will help you to get comfortable in your seat. Inside the cabins the air is always fresh and warm. During the flight you can take a nap or have a chat, you can read and relax. In some planes you can watch video or listen to the music. When the plane is landing or taking off you have an opportunity to enjoy the wonderful scenery and landscapes. While travelling by plane you fly past various villages and cities at the sight of which rea lize how majestic and tremendous our planet is. No doubt, travelling by air is the most convenient and comfortable means of travelling. But if you are airsick the flight may  seem not so nice to you. Unfortunately sometimes the flights are delayed because of unfavourable weather conditions, and one more inconvenience is jet-lag. Youth problemsYouth is a beautiful time. The faces of young people, the young souls and young love – everything is beautiful. We can describe all the amazing attractions of this only period in life, which is usually remembered during all lifetime, but many youngsters say that their life is followed by numerous troubles. Really, there is no life without problems, but we can’t make little account of youth problems. Unfortunately, most of the problems are connected with family relations. Moms and dads say that teenage rebels just growing up normal. Their parents said it, just as parents say it today. â€Å"Damn kids these days†. This phra se is the fad of the adults of all times.To my mind, each new generation of kids receives negative reviews because of two entwined social dynamics: surliness and rebellion in youth; fear and loathing by parents, whose youth has passed them by. It's called the generation gap, which pits the impertinence of youth against the attitudes of people over 30, who forget what a pain in the butt they were as kids. If you look at history, youth has always looked bad from the adult perspective. Sometimes it's because they don’t remember all the stupid, dangerous things they did as kids. Adults always tend to glorify their own past. It explains the reason why they often look down their noses at the next generations.Basically, what these critical adults are saying is, â€Å"why can't these kids be like us.† It is amazing, but every generation goes through this. I’m deeply convinced tat if some parents are ready to write off the next generation, they should remember how they b ehaved as young teenagers and recognize rebellion as a sign of growing up. But we should admit, there are some dangerous temptations of the youth and only parents can preserve their children from such social evil as alcohol, smoking and even early sex and killing oneself by using drugs. For example, the former Soviet Union admitted that it had over 200,000 drug addicts. Because of this the government opened several special hospitals for these addicts. There's a big anti-drugs campaign in the country's schools too. Usually drugs come from several places including Western Europe and Afghanistan.Also, some addicts use glue or steal medical drugs from hospitals. This problem is  closely connected with gang-violence. As well as gangs of punks, rockers and hippies, there are ultra conservative gangs, too. They want to stop â€Å"the dangerous† influence of teenage culture in our country. But actually they follow the ideas of nationalism and even fascism. One more acute problem fo r many young people is smoking. Millions of teenagers know it's bad for them, but they still do it. I think it is rather easy to withstand the influence of those who smoke. We should be simply strong enough to say â€Å"no†.Many people offer their way out. Some of them say that teenagers should not be let to the discos because of the danger of drugs; others say that young people should be given more money and more freedom, because everything that is forbidden astonishes. But in my opinion, one thing is clear: after decades of silence in the Soviet Union we face a lot of urgent problem, which should be solved as soon as it is possible. Youth ProblemsToday it is fashionable to speak about teenage broblems. A few years ago alcohol, fights, murders and other kinds of violence were more problems of adults rather than young people. But now, as official reports admit, violence, AIDS, drugs and alcohol are more and more associated with youngest. For many children from poor families v iolence, drinking problems and all that is associated with powerty becomes more and more real. The Government surveys show that every fifth teenager who was arrested for criminal actions, was younger that 14 and couldn't be sent to prison. Almost half of teenagers have an experience with drugs, alcohol and sex under age of 16.A lot of teenagers who have drug or alcohol addiction almost never believe that they are dependent. These things are often combined with family and school problems. What has gone wrong? Some specialists explain that the changes of our society, the system of our life force young people to choose their own lifestyle. On the one hand, our society agrees that 15-17-years old people are old enough to be responsible for what they do and gives them quite a lot of freedom and rights. On the other hand, most adults think that teenagers are too young to be taken seriously. This misunderstaning has produced many problems. Actually, a lot of teenagers say that their parent s let them do anything they want and are quite indifferent to their problems.Many teenagers get upset or depressed when they can't solve their problems. As a result, it makes them believe that there is only one way out – to stop  living and commit suicide. No doubt, the teens' problems will increase. And young people should feeel that they are cared about. Ð ¢Ã ¾Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã º Ð ¿Ã ¾ Ð °Ã ½Ã ³Ã »Ã ¸Ã ¹Ã' Ã ºÃ ¾Ã ¼Ã'Æ' ‘Problems of the youth' Youth is a very important period in the life of a human being. This is the time when a person discovers the world and tries to determine his place in the universe. Young people face a great deal of problems which are very important for them. They do not differ much from those that once their parents had to deal with. At the same time every generation is unique. The adults always say that young are not always what they were.Yong people of today don't directly accept the standards of their parents. They cannot accept the values of their â€Å"fathers†. It is one of the causes of the generation gap. The adults usually apply old standards to the new way of life. The majority of the young people don't want to live in the past. They have their own ideals. They want to make their own mistakes, rather, than to listen to the warning of their parents. Almost all parents don't understand their children. The next important problem concerns friendship. A person can and should have many friends. But at the same time there can be only one or two true friends. However, the young people always face the problem of getting on with people, especially, their class-mates. The problem of love is a key problem as well.There are a lot of different problems, which youth have to face. Relations between Ukraine and the European Union (EU) are currently shaped via the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), a foreign policy instrument of the EU designed for the countries it borders. The EU is seeking an increasingly clos e relationship with Ukraine, going beyond cooperation, to gradual economic integration and deepening of political cooperation.Ukraine is said to be a priority partner within the ENP.[1] In 2012, the EU signed deals on free trade and political association with Ukraine; however EU leaders have stated that these agreements will not be ratified unless Ukraine addresses concerns over a â€Å"stark deterioration of democracy and the rule of law†, including the imprisonment of Yulia Tymoshenkoand Yuriy Lutsenko in 2011 and 2012.[2][3][4][nb 1] On 25 February 2013, the EU set a three-month deadline for Ukraine to carry out the required changes to its justice and electoral systems in order to enable the formal signing of their agreements with the EU in Vilnius on 29 November 2013.Though Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych urged the parliament to adopt laws so that Ukraine would meet the  EU's criteria,[7][8][nb 2] all six motions on allowing Tymoshenko to receive medical treatment abroad were rejected by Ukraine's Parliament on 21 November 2013 and the same day a Ukrainian government decree suspended preparations for signing the association agreement, endangering the formal signing scheduled for a week later.[10][11] However, the same day Yanukovych stated â€Å"an alternative for European integration does not exist†.President Yanukovych still attended the 28–29 November 2013 EU summit in Vilnius, where the Association Agreement was originally planned to be signed, but the agreement was not signed. However, on 29 November 2013 President of the European Commission Josà © Manuel Barroso reiterated that EU's offer to Ukraine in terms of signing an Association Agreement remained on the table. The decision to put off signing the association agreement lead to massive, ongoing protests in Ukraine. Youth Organizations in Great BritainYouth and youth movement have become important factors in the life of the country. Numerous youth organizations have be en formed since the Second World War, uniting young people from all classes and sections of the population. There are about 60 youth organizations in Great Britain. Youth Council, which represents the youth of the country both nationally and internationally. All youth organizations can be divided into three large groups:1. non-political organizations; 2. youth organizations associated with political parties; 3. youth organizations controlled by religious bodies.The two largest non-political youth organizations are the associations of the Boy Scouts and the Girl Guides. There are about 1300000 boys and girls in them. The membership is voluntary. The Scout Association was formed in 1908 by General Baden Powell. His idea was to train boys in mapping, signaling, knotting, first aid and all the skills that would arise from camping and outdoor activities. Most important of all for a Scout was to make a promise that he would do his best to do his duty to. God and the Queen, to help other p eople and to obey the Scout Law. The Boy Scouts had a left-handed handshake, a special badge and the motto â€Å"Be Prepared†.The Scout Law embraces â€Å"honour, obedience, cheerfulness, thrift and cleanliness in thought  and deed. The Scout movement was intended for boys from 11 to 14 (15), but in 1916 Baden Powell introduced a programme for younger people. He called them Wolf Cubs. They had special uniforms, badges, a special training system and the motto â€Å"Do your best!†. The Wolf Cub pack is based on Kipling's â€Å"Jungle Book† about learning to survive. The Girl Guides Association was founded by Baden Pawell in 1910. It's divided into three sections: Brownies (from 7.5 to 11), Guides (from 11 to 16), Rangers (from 16 to 21). The programme of training is planned to develop intelligence and practical skills including cookery, needlework, childcare.Like a Scout a Girl Guide must be a friend to animals. The Girl Guides Association has extensive interna tional links. There are some other non-political organizations: the Combined Cadet Force, Sea Cadet Corps, the Woodcraft Folk, the Youth Hostels Association, the National Federation of Young Farmers Clubs, Greenpeace. Youth Organization Greenpeace deals with most urgent ecological problems. It protests against nuclear weapon tests, sea and soil pollution, etc. Sport clubs are characteristic youth organizations in the UK. They unite people who are interested in baseball, football, golf, etc.There also exist interest clubs. You can attend any club: From theatre to bird-watching clubs. By the way, birdwatching clubs are very popular in Great Britain. There are several youth organizations associated with political parties. The Youth Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (YCND) unites young people and organizes mass rallies and meetings, demonstrations, marches of protest, festivals. It co-operates with the National Union of Students. Religious young organizations and groups aim at helping to elderly people or working in hospitals.There are even groups where young people help released prisoners to start then life a-new. Religious organizations pay attention not only to the study of religious views but involve youth into such activities as music festivals and amateur theatre. As you see, all there organizations aim at preserving and strengthening the social and political system existing in the country. Many of them have done and still are doing useful work in providing leisure facilities for young English people.YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS IN GREAT BRITAINThere are numerous different youth organisations in Great Britain. Some are large and some are small, some nation-wide and some local. Probably the  largest are the Boy Scouts and the Girl Guides Associations, and the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) and the YWCA (Young Women's Christian Association), or simply â€Å"Y† for short. The Boy Scouts and the Girl Guides are for school-age teen-agers and the YMCA and the YWCA are for school leavers, college students, and young people who had already started working.Boy Scouts and Girl Guides have to do one good deed every day, to develop themselves mentally and physically. In summer they go camping in tents with everything done by young people themselves. At the YMCA and the YWCA more attention is paid to sport and different social events, such as outing in the country, dances, debates, amateur activities, etc.

These Are The Best German Films for German-Learners

Summary The Crucible - 1074 Words

Aarin Rutkin Bonnie Ronson Enc 1102 12- March- 2017 Corrupt Salem The desire to be seen as perfect is seen among every human. It has been taken up by the puritan community as the way of life. Puritan belief has made it tremendously hard to not throw shame and regret on people. It causes children to act up due to them being able to get recognized. Everyone would constantly be blamed for things that weren t bad to the community but due to human nature, they were blamed for benefiting them. Which in itself is not the act of a true puritanism. Women ( specifically young girls) all had a huge impact on Salem that caused lies and new beliefs. 3 women were the main cause of all the sales madness and mayhem these women were Abigail†¦show more content†¦The puritan officials control their people and teach them with respect, no signs of laziness, no theater, erotic poetry, or gambling. This all caused the girls dancing look terrible and in order to save themselves and still get what they want Abigail and the girls found to use manip ulation of their young innocence. While Abigail Williams had a huge influence on the hysteria in Salem, Tituba was the start. She gathered all of the girls and had them dance while she would sing. Whether it is known she was trying to conjure, attempting to conjure spirits or just to play in the woods is unknown. Miller states I saw Tituba waving her arms over the fire when I came on you†¦And I heard a screeching and gibberish comin‘ from her mouth†¦ She always sings her Barbados songs and we dance(p 2). This shows that there is a chance the girls may not truly know why they were doing what they were doing. If Tituba did not start this gathering in the first place than the entire town would not have had hysteria spread through it so vigorously. Tituba ended up getting to live even though it was never said if she truly was a witch it was never classified. Mary Warren had a very interesting role in the crucible she started off by being accused of doing witchcraft to being an accuser to telling on the other accusers for being false and going to court. Mary was John Proctors maid after Abigail got fired. When Marry realized the Johns wife sShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Crucible 1151 Words   |  5 Pages6. Plot summary â€Å"The Crucible† is a play that takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The play starts in the woods, the characters Abigail, Betty, Tituba, Mary Warren, and Mercy Lewis were casting spells in the forest. Samuel Parris catches them in the woods and Betty passes out. They go to the Proctors house to make sure Betty is okay. Parris is contemplating on what the town will think of him when they find out what has happened. He tells Abigail to tell him what happened in the woods. AbigailRead MoreSummary : The Crucible 1272 Words   |  6 PagesBlake Allison Period #1 AP NOVEL FORM 1. Title (underline): The Crucible 2. Author (first and last name) and date of first publication: Arthur Miller 1953 3. List four main characters with a one-sentence description of each. a. John Proctor- John Proctor, the husband of Elizabeth Proctor, is a serious farmer who lives on the edge of Salem hiding the secret sin of his adultery and disbelieving in the witch trials. b. Reverend Parris- Reverend Parris, the Reverend in Salem, is a conceitedRead MoreSummary Of The Crucible 1242 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 11 D1B2 21 October 2014 Why is Extremism in Any Form Dangerous? I feel that extremism is dangerous because it can lead to intolerance, lying and hurting others. Misconception and fright can lead to prejudice. In Arthur Miller’s play, â€Å"The Crucible† people who refuse to admit to dealing with the Devil will be hanged. In fear of dying, people who have been accused but haven’t actually dealt with the devil admit to something they haven’t done in order to escape demise. Reverend Hale says to JohnRead MoreSummary Of The Crucible 978 Words   |  4 PagesSlave, it is a strong word that, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, is defined as, â€Å"Someone who is legally owned by another person and is forced to work for that person without pay.†1 Plutarch describes the leader of the Rebellion (Spartacus the slave) as strong, invincible, and barbaric. Spartacus and his rallied men escaped confinement from the Roman Republic and fought back because they wanted to be free from the horrible situation they were put in. Also, the gladiators were tough andRead MoreSummary : The Crucible Essay964 Words   |   4 PagesOpportunities, Fall Semester 2015 Extra Credit Opportunity #4: Attend a performance of â€Å"The Crucible† on one of the following performance dates: Oct 10, 15, 16, or 17 at 7:30pm or the matinee performance on Sunday, Oct 18 at 2pm at the SMSU Fine Arts Theatre Note: The performance on Thurs, Oct 15, is free to all SMSU students with a valid student ID. Admission at all other performances is $10. â€Å"The Crucible† is a fictionalized account of events that occurred during the Salem Witch Trials. SalemRead MoreSummary Of The Crucible Essay711 Words   |  3 Pages Ms. Elliott AP Language and Composition 22 May 2016 Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. New York: A. Meyerson, 1953. Print. The Crucible, a play, by American playwright Arthur Miller, is set in the small New England town of Salem Massachusetts in 1992. The play opens with Reverend Parris praying beside his daughter Betty Parris s bed. In the bed Betty lies in some sort of paralyzed state. The town s doctor, Doctor Griggs, does not know of a medicine to cure Betty’s symptoms and advises ReverendRead MoreSummary : The Crucible 1624 Words   |  7 Pagesjournal #1- narrative Today I went into town in order to see what all this witchcraft commotion was all about. According to Reverend Parris his daughter, Betty, has been bewitched. All this sounds a bit crazy to me because the details do not add up. I see Abigail and hope not to make conversation with her, but eventually I am alone with her and she explains everything to me. She begins by declaring her love for me and how much she misses me and does not go a day without thinking about me. She thenRead MoreSummary Of The Crucible 1892 Words   |  8 PagesNoemi Boyd Etheridge AP Literature Per. 2 Nov. 25th, 2014 Title: The Crucible Year of Publication: 1953 Author: Arthur Miller Setting and Time Period: Salem Massachusetts during 1692 and 1693 Primary Characters: Abigail Williams - Niece of Reverend Parris, she is leader of the girls in town and has had affair with John Proctor. John Proctor - Husband of Elizabeth and a hard working man; tries to set Abigail straight by exposing the truth between them but is too worried for his reputation. ReverendRead MoreSummary Of The Crucible 2006 Words   |  9 Pagesof a person as an accused or a sinner happens because of the intolerance to any deviation from the society beliefs. This is seen in the play,The Crucible; articles Death Penalty Disgrace and A True Confession. In these articles, the main thing that stands out is that people can be emotionally manipulated because of their conscious. In The Crucible , each and every character was a scapegoat, either to the unproven beliefs or to vengeance. In the case of Death Penalty Disgrace, Mr. Davis was aRead MoreSummary Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1443 Words   |  6 PagesStephanie Provenzano 3rd Period 1. Title: The Crucible 2. Author and date of first publication: Arthur Miller, 1953 3. List four main characters with a one-sentence description of each. a. John Proctor, he is a farmer in his mid-thirties living in Salem, as a well respected man in society he sets an example to all of the other citizens; he is married to Elizabeth practice and has 3 sons. b. Abigail, she is a seventeen year old girl who lives with her uncle, Reverend Parris, because her parents

Case Study Supply Chain Management - 1344 Words

To succeed in today’s competitive markets companies must learn to align their supply chains with the demand of the markets they serve. Supply chain performance is now a distinct competitive advantage for companies who excel in this area. Supply Chain Management(SCM) is defined as a set of approached utilized to efficiently integrate suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities to the right locations and at the time in order to minimize system wide costs while satisfying service level requirement.(Simichi-levi et al., 2008). Increasingly organisations are taking advantage of modern communications and transportation technologies in order to increase their†¦show more content†¦Eedward, A. Murash, and Steven, R.Clinton, (2008) focussed their studies on the role of transportation capabilities in supply chain management. They defined the meaning of transportation more as an ideal position to integrate and coordinate flows throughout the supply chain. To minimize total costs and maximize value, transportation integration is essential within the supply chain. Most distributors agree that lead time plays a major role in retailer’s perspective, this is due to they not being patient and less willing to wait for delivery of they ordered. The ability to deliver the goods before the competitors can makes a lot of difference between a successful and a diminishing market share. Company Overview: - During my vacation, at my home town I was given an opportunity to work at Surya International. Surya International is a Hyderabad (Telangana, India) based private limited company operating in the line of distribution since 1996. The company deals with a wide range of wellness products (such as shower enclosures, sanitary ware, shower panels, faucets, etc.) for different social groups in the society. Surya International gained most of its market share by selling brands like Jaquar, Duravit, Gabrit, Nirali, Camry and Cera. Since the past couple of years Surya International is been facing

Develop Workplace Policy and Procedures for Sustainability

Question: Discuss about theDevelop Workplace Policy and Procedures for Sustainability. Answer: Introduction This particular study emphasizes on the sustainability policy development at workplace. The topic would be manifested with the help of a case study. Being hired as the new environment officer at the organization Tiny Opera Company, the prime responsibility is to review the present scenario of the business and develop certain policies. The company operates in a rural town of New South Wales. Along with that, the report establishes links between the sustainability policies and the legislative and regulatory requirements through consulting with the business manager Nic Tan. Apart from this, here the possible constraints would be identified and the strategies would be created by based on all the essential factors. Present Scenario Since the period of 1970, the company has staged regular performances in the theatre. It has been found that the company has carried out some basic interior renovations. Initially, the company built a small office building and employed full time staffs. Presently, certain things are changed to some extent. Renovations are made in the theatre stage, ticket booth, food counter, meeting room, break room, kitchen and dressing room. Besides, today the company engaged part time job services. More specifically, the stage manager, marketing communication, project officers, customer service representatives are engaged in part time jobs rather than full time. Further, the resident designer of this company is funded by a grant for three years. However, it has been found that the company fails to align their strategies and resources with sustainable work practices. This is the reason they recently hired an environmental officer in order to review work practices. The business manager of the company has undertaker some strategies in order to sustain the business position. Nic has decided to: Minimize the use of resources Efficient use of resources Reduce toxic materials and hazardous chemical use Implement life cycle management approach Build a sustainability continuous improvement strategy Along with that, the operations need to be measured properly so that they can monitor their progress. More specifically, they need to measure the resource use and review resource records periodically as well. Some new sustainability initiatives have been taken. Presently, all reverse cycle air conditioners are switched off manually. Due to this reason, sometimes the last staff forgets to switch the air conditioners off and they are left running 24 hours. It has been decided that it would be switched of automatically at 4.45 pm every day. Besides, the business manager is also concerned about the health and safety of the workers. Being environmental manager, the prime responsibility is to review technical documents and legislations. This helps to develop plain language policy, internal memos and external publicity materials. Best Practice Models The reason behind the success of the large number of theatres and performance spaces is the use of certain effective practice models. Bocken et al. (2014) opined that Sustainable Business Model concentrates on the fund flow business, suppliers and the customers. Boons and Freund (2013) represented a different viewpoint that the sustainable business model helps to improve the business operations and make core focus on customers needs. This means innovation is required to improve the interaction with the market. Clapp and Rowlands (2014) stated that the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the effective sustainability models of business. It is discussed that this particular model helps to maintain multiple responsibilities. In this context, it is important to mention that large number of theatres and performance spaces has implemented this model in their business in order to make sustainable growth. In supporting the above discussion, Pedersen (2015) stated that this particu lar model concentrates on ethical, legal, and economic responsibilities along with the philanthropic responsibilities. Figure 1: Corporate Social Responsibility (Source: Pedersen 2015) Pedersen (2015) further defined that the organizations provide fair rights and fair wages to all its employees in order to meet the ethical responsibilities. Besides, the legal responsibilities state that the organizations need to ensure that they obey all laws in their business. However, Clapp and Rowlands (2014) argued that economic responsibility should be placed at first among all the corporate social responsibilities. It helps to make profit making strategies which further help to deliver customer satisfaction to the highest possible extent. However, the philanthropic responsibility is the responsibilities beyond what the company simply needs. Govindan et al. (2013) argued that the Triple Bottom Line Model is the most effective sustainable model. It has been discussed that the model focuses on three core factors that include social, environmental and financial factor. Figure 2: Triple Bottom Line Model (Source: Govindan et al. 2013) Direction and Focus of the Policy The above mentioned models are initially considered in this case. However, these models need to be compared through three essential options in order to understand the direction and the focus of the policies. These three options include effectiveness, timeframe, and implementation cost. Through analysing these three models, it has been determined that corporate social responsibility and triple bottom line are more effective in comparing to the sustainable business model. Though, the model implementation cost is much lower than other that of other models. However, consulting with the business manager, it is determined that either triple bottom line model or CSR model would be considered in this case. However, it is essential to mention that the CSR model requires larger time frame. Justification of the Preferred Policy Option Through consulting with the business manager, it has been decided that the Triple Bottom Line Model would be considered in the business. The CSR model is rejected in this case as the required time frame and implementation cost is higher in comparison to the triple bottom line model. Henriques and Richardson (2013) opined that social responsibility indicates that the organizations social bottom line would be increased by implementing fair and beneficial labour practices. This fulfils their aim of enhancing health and safety of the workers. Besides, the environmental sustainability defines that the organization should concentrate more on the external benefits that they provide to the customers. Entertainment is the service through which they provide external benefit to the local people. Thus, they should identify the choice and preferences of the local people in terms of entertainment. Along with that, they should consider the economic sustainability. This responsibility leads the orga nization to identify the present as well as the future position of the businesses (Savitz 2012). As the organization aims to build a sustainable position in the market, this particular model is appropriate in this scenario. Sustainability Policy for the Organization The company specifically wants to focus on better resource management and cost management process. It has been found that there are many scopes to implement this particular model in this business. The business manager made commitment to this policy through making decision of implementing Life Cycle Management Approach. This particular approach would help to manage the business operations of different teams (Swarr et al. 2015). This approach would be implemented in order to enhance the use of resources such as costumes, props, lighting and other facilities. It has been mentioned before that the business manager decided to reduce the use of resources and increase the effectiveness of using resources. The considered model and approach help to manage and monitor the business operations in a better manner (Fry and Nisiewicz 2013). Constraints and Strategies of Policy Implementation The constraints and strategies of implementing this policy are demonstrated in the below three sections. However, it is important to mention that certain processes would be undertaken in order to develop the policy. Lighting retrofits and control mechanisms: Some lighting motion sensors would be installed in order to ensure that the lights are switched off in the areas which are not in use. It would help to reduce the use of resources and the energy bills as well. Air conditioning: It has been mentioned before that a sensor would be used in air condition machines so that they would be switched off automatically at 4:45 pm. This would also help to reduce the energy bills and use of resources. Training programs for the staffs: It is decided that some training program would be provided to the staffs to enhance their working efficiency. Along with that, a team would be engaged to keep weekly records of the employee performances. Linking with Agreements As per the agreement, the sustainability policy and the entire procedure would be within the amount which is generated as profit this year. This year, the amount of profit is $27,423. Being engaged as the environmental manager, the prime responsibility is to enhance the projected profit of the next year. Environmental and Sustainability Legislation It is essential to mention that the organization considered a number of laws and legislations in their business. However, it is decided that the business would add the law Noise Control Act 1972 for the health and welfare of the workers and the audiences as well. In order to maximize the impact of the policy, training program would be provided to all the stakeholders. Along with that, the business manager would ensure that all the stakeholders are engaged in implementing the sustainability policy. Conclusion Through this report, the organization is suggested to include the triple bottom line model along with the life cycle management approach. Certain strategies are undertaken in order to enhance sustainability of the business. Along with that, the organization need to consider some legislation in order to ensure safe work environment. Reference List Bocken, N., Short, S., Rana, P. and Evans, S., 2013. A value mapping tool for sustainable business modelling.Corporate Governance,13(5), pp.482-497. Bocken, N.M.P., Short, S.W., Rana, P. and Evans, S., 2014. A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes.Journal of cleaner production,65, pp.42-56. Boons, F. and Freund, F.L., 2013. Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.9-19. Clapp, J. and Rowlands, I.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility.Essential Concepts of Global Environmental Governance, p.42. de Paiva Vianna, K.M., Cardoso, M.R.A. and Rodrigues, R.M.C., 2015. Noise pollution and annoyance: An urban soundscapes study.Noise and Health,17(76), p.125. Fry, L. and Nisiewicz, M., 2013.Maximizing the triple bottom line through spiritual leadership. Stanford University Press. Gimenez, C., Sierra, V. and Rodon, J., 2012. Sustainable operations: Their impact on the triple bottom line.International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), pp.149-159. Govindan, K., Khodaverdi, R. and Jafarian, A., 2013. A fuzzy multi criteria approach for measuring sustainability performance of a supplier based on triple bottom line approach.Journal of Cleaner Production,47, pp.345-354. Henriques, A. and Richardson, J. eds., 2013.The triple bottom line: Does it all add up. Routledge. Pedersen, E.R.G. ed., 2015.Corporate social responsibility. Sage. Savitz, A., 2012.The triple bottom line: How today's best-run companies are achieving economic, social and environmental success--and how you can too. John Wiley Sons. Swarr, T.E., Asselin, A.C., i Canals, L.M., Datta, A., Fisher, A., Flanagan, W., Grenda, K., Hunkeler, D., Morel, S., Moreno, O.A.V. and Rasteiro, M.G., 2015. Building organizational capability for life cycle management. InLife Cycle Management(pp. 239-256). Springer Netherlands.